El Passat Simple (Past Simple)
Significat i usos
El Passat Simple expressa:
1) Accions úniques que van ocórrer en el passat:
My Dadu bought a new car last month
My Dadu bought a new car last month
2) Accions que ocorrien amb una freqüència
regular en el passat:
I played football almost every weekend last year
I played football almost every weekend last year
3) Accions que ocorrien contínuament durant un
període llarg de temps en el passat:
My aunt worked in the same company for nearly fifty years
My aunt worked in the same company for nearly fifty years
Formació del
Passat Simple
Per escriure un verb en Passat Simple normalment afegim -ED al verb en infinitiu:
Per escriure un verb en Passat Simple normalment afegim -ED al verb en infinitiu:
talk - talkED, work - workED, play -
playEd
Si el verb
acaba en E , tan solament afegim la -D al final:
save - saveD, move - moveD, live -
liveD
Si les
últimes tres lletres de l'infinitiu del verb són: consonant –
vocal – consonant:
Hem de doblegar l'última consonant:
ej. shop, shopPed, pla - planNed, prefer -
preferred
Si un verb
està compost per sol tres lletres i acaba en -ai, per exemple: say, llavors el Passat
Simple es forma
amb -AID:
say - sAID, pay - pAID, lay - lAID
Però en
anglès hi ha molts verbs amb una ortografia irregular en el Passat Simple. És necessari
aprendre'ls individualment, per exemple: menja – came, bring – brought, fight – fought
Preguntes i oracions
afirmatives
Quan fem preguntes i negacions en Passat Simple hem d'usar el DID:
Did you catch a train to London?
No, I didn’t catch a train, I caught a bus.
No, I didn’t catch a train, I caught a bus.
DID és el temps passat del verb auxiliar to do.
(Nota: Quan usem el DID, normalment el
verb es manté en infinitiu – sense to .)
En el
Present Simple adherim una S per formar la tercera persona del singular, per
exemple he/she/it walkS. Però en el Passat Simple no hi ha cap canvi en la tercera persona del
singular. És el mateix per a totes les persones, singulars o plurals. Encara
que sigui regular o irregular.
El passat
del verb TO FINISH (un verb regular)
I lived, you lived, he lived, she lived, it lived,
we lived, you lived, they lived (tots
iguals, no hi ha canvis)
El passat
del verb TO GO (un verb irregular)
I went, you went, he went, she went, it went, we went, you went, they went (totes les persones són el mateix)
I TO DO
I did, you did, he did, she did, it did, we did, you did, they did (no hi ha canvis en elpassat )
Per
convertir una oració afirmativa en una pregunta, hem de posar el verb auxiliar DID abans del subjecte. La forma del
verb principal correspon a l'infinitiu (sense to):
Oració
Afirmativa
|
Pregunta
|
I finished
|
Did I finish?
|
You finished
|
Did you finish?
|
He finished
|
Did he finish?
|
She finished
|
Did she finish?
|
It finished
|
Did it finish?
|
We finished
|
Did we finish?
|
You finished
|
Did you finish?
|
They
finished
|
Did they finish?
|
Per
transformar una oració afirmativa en una negativa, posem DID NOT després del
subjecte i després l'infinitiu (sense to ):
Oració Afirmativa
|
Oració
Negativa
|
I ate
|
I did
not eat
|
You broke
|
You did
not break
|
He chose
|
He did
not choose
|
She drank
|
She did
not drink
|
It got
|
It did
not get
|
We left
|
We did
not leave
|
You
sold
|
You did
not sell
|
They wrote
|
They did
not write
|
En anglès
oral, usem la contracció DIDN'T.
VERBS IRREGULARS
La següent és una llista dels verbs irregulars més usats:
Present
|
Passat
|
Present
|
Passat
|
Present
|
Passat
|
begin
|
began
|
break
|
broke
|
bring
|
brought
|
build
|
built
|
buy
|
bought
|
catch
|
caught
|
choose
|
chose
|
come
|
came
|
cost
|
cost
|
cut
|
cut
|
do
|
did
|
drink
|
drank
|
eat
|
lligui
|
feel
|
felt
|
fight
|
fought
|
find
|
found
|
fly
|
flew
|
forget
|
forgot
|
get
|
got
|
give
|
gave
|
go
|
went
|
hear
|
heard
|
keep
|
kept
|
know
|
knew
|
leave
|
left
|
lose
|
lost
|
make
|
made
|
ring
|
rang
|
run
|
ran
|
see
|
saw
|
sell
|
sold
|
send
|
sent
|
sing
|
sang
|
sit
|
sat
|
sleep
|
slept
|
speak
|
spoke
|
spend
|
spent
|
swin
|
swam
|
take
|
took
|
teach
|
taught
|
tell
|
told
|
think
|
thought
|
understand
|
understood
|
wear
|
wore
|
win
|
won
|
write
|
wrote
|
|
|
|
|
TO BE
TO BE és el
verb més usat en anglès. No obstant això, també és el més inusual, perquè té
més canvis que qualsevol altre verb. Tots els verbs en passat tenen una sola
forma. El verb TO BE té dues:
I was, You were, He was, She was, It was, We were, You were, They were
Forma
Interrogativa
El Passat Simple de TO BE no té el verb auxiliar per formar preguntes i oracions negatives. L'estructura de la pregunta és la mateixa que amb el present, el verb va davant:
Was I? Were you? Was he/she/it? Were we? Were you? Were they?
La Forma
Negativa
Les oracions negatives es formen de la mateixa manera en el Past Simple que en el Present Simple. Afegim NOT o N'T:
Les oracions negatives es formen de la mateixa manera en el Past Simple que en el Present Simple. Afegim NOT o N'T:
I wasN’T
You wereN’T
He wasN’T
She wasN’T
It wasN’T
We wereN’T
They wereN’T
N’T = not
no surt move
ResponEliminaEl llistat no és complert, però en concret, move no surt ja que és regular i el seu passat és moved
ResponElimina